Trombocitemia esencial, una rara causa de compromiso cerebrovascular.
Palabras clave:
Trombocitopenia esencial, Janus quinasa 2, Calreticulina, Accidente cerebrovascular, Trombosis intracranealResumen
La trombocitemia esencial hace parte de un grupo de neoplasias mieloproliferativas crónicas caracterizadas por presentar cromosoma de filadelfia negativo, entre las cuales se encuentran también la policitemia vera y la mielofibrosis primaria. El objetivo de esta revisión de tema fue esclarecer la relación entre la trombocitemia esencial y el compromiso cerebrovascular. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed, Scielo, Google Scholar, empleando los descriptores: “Neoplasias mieloprofeliferativias”, “Trombocitemia esencial”, “Accidente cerebrovascular”, “trombosis intracranelal”, “janus quinasa 2”, “calreticulina”; se encontró un total de 70 artículos de los cuales se seleccionaron 50 artículos que se encontraban publicados en los último 5 años. El accidente cerebrovascular isquémico, el accidente cerebrovascular hemorrágico, la trombosis del seno dural y la trombosis venosa cerebral, pueden ser complicaciones de la trombocitemia esencial, que, aunque es una rara etiología deben tenerse en cuenta, pues son las complicaciones la principal causa de mortalidad en los pacientes con esta enfermedad.
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