Sustitutos sanguíneos como alternativa a la donación de células sanguíneas.
Palabras clave:
Sangre, transfusión, sustituto, hemo, donación.Resumen
Las transfusiones de sangre son esenciales para pacientes con diversas condiciones médicas, pero los glóbulos rojos obtenidos por medio de donación de sangre tienen una vida útil limitada de 42 días, lo que reduce su disponibilidad. A nivel mundial, hay una escasez significativa frente a la demanda. Factores como salud, falta de información y creencias personales dificultan la donación. Lo que ha impulsado a la comunidad científica a diseñar sustitutos sintéticos para suplir la demanda de sangre principalmente para dos funciones esenciales de la sangre: el transporte de oxígeno por los glóbulos rojos y la hemostasia por las plaquetas, enfocándose particularmente en asegurar el transporte de oxígeno hacia los tejidos. Aunque se han logrado avances significativos y se han realizado experimentos prometedores, estos métodos aún no se utilizan clínicamente en su totalidad.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Juanita Nur-Herrera
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