Células CAR-NK: Un modelo para la inmunoterapia tumoral. Revisión de la literatura
Palabras clave:
Células asesinas naturales, Receptores quiméricos de antígenos, Inmunoterapia, Tumor, CáncerResumen
El objetivo de esta revisión es describir los principios biológicos, inmunológicos, y oncológicos que, están asociados, con la fundamentación teórica de la utilización de las células CAR-NK, para la inmunoterapia tumoral. Desde el descubrimiento de las células asesinas naturales (en inglés Natural Killer Cells o células NK), se han presentado grandes avances en la comprensión de los mecanismos acción, y sus funciones relacionadas con el sistema inmunológico. Este conocimiento ha dado paso al desarrollo de las tecnologías y terapias prometedoras, como las basadas en las células NK modificadas genéticamente con los receptores quiméricos de antígenos (en inglés Chimeric Antigen Receptors o CAR) denominadas, por sus siglas en inglés, células CAR-NK que originalmente fueron diseñadas, para el tratamiento de diferentes tipos de cáncer, mostrando resultados potenciales en modelos animales. Se espera que los ensayos clínicos que se están desarrollando arrojen resultados positivos de las células CAR-NK, permitiendo conocer las ventajas y desventajas de este tipo de inmunoterapia.
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