Social Anxiety in a sample of heterosexual a non-heterosexual university students in Bucaramanga
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objective. To compare social anxiety scores among heterosexual and non-heterosexual university students in Bucaramanga, and the possible associated factors that might cause a significant difference between them. Methods. Through a descriptive study, the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale was applied to a sample of 247 heterosexual and non-heterosexual students; the non-heterosexual sample also took the Stressful Life Events Test. Results. The non-heterosexual group of university students obtained higher total scores on the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale and on each of its subscales than the heterosexuals. There was no correlation between non-heterosexuals' social anxiety scores and stressful life events. Additionally, it was identified that the non-heterosexual participants reported a higher frequency on change of parenting religion in contrasts than the heterosexual group, however, no statistically significant differences were revealed in social anxiety, nor in the experience of stressful life events related to change of religion. Conclusion. The non-heterosexual population revealed a higher level of social anxiety, both in the behavioral component of avoidance and in the emotional component of anxiety, suggesting further investigation of variables such as personality, and the openness of their sexuality with their family and/or social group.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
Borgogna, N., McDermott, R., Aita, S., & Kridel, M. (2019). Anxiety and depression across gender and sexual minorities: Implications for transgender, gender nonconforming, pansexual, demisexual, asexual, queer, and questioning individuals. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 6(1), 54-63. https://doi.org/10.1037/sgd0000306
Brewster, M. (2013). Atheism, Gender, and Sexuality. In S. Bullivant, and M. Ruse (Eds), The Oxford Handbook of Atheism (pp. 511-524). Oxford University. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199644650.013.006
Burns, M., Kamen, C., Lehman, K., & Beach, S. (2012). Minority stress and attributions for discriminatory events predict social anxiety in gay men. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 36(1), 25-35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-010-9302-6
Campo-Arias, A., Vanegas-García, J. y Herazo, E. (2017). Orientación sexual y trastorno de ansiedad social: una revisión sistemática. Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatría, 55(2), 93-102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0717-92272017000200004
Cohen, J., Blasey, C., Taylor, C., Weiss, B., & Newman, M. (2016). Anxiety and related disorders and concealment in sexual minority young adults. Behavior Therapy, 47(1), 91-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2015.09.006
Congreso de Colombia. (2006). Ley 1090 de 2006. Por la cual se reglamenta el ejercicio de la profesión de psicología, se dicta el Código Deontológico y Bioético y otras disposiciones. Diario Oficial 46.383, 06 de septiembre de 2006. https://www.funcionpublica.gov.co/eva/gestornormativo/norma_pdf.php?i=66205
Cosoy, N. (2018). Votos y devotos: religión y poder en Colombia. Debate.
Cruzado-Portal, A. y Gálvez-Muñoz, J. (2018). Bienestar psicológico y religiosidad en jóvenes de una ciudad de Cajamarca [Tesis de grado, Universidad Privada Antonio Guillermo Urrelo]. http://repositorio.upagu.edu.pe/handle/UPAGU/844
Fondo de Población de las Naciones Unidas [UNFPA]. (2019). Lineamientos en atención en los servicios de salud que consideran el enfoque diferencial, de género y no discriminación para personas LGBTI. UNFPA Colombia. https://colombia.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pubpdf/LINEAMIENTOS%20EN%20ATENCION%20LGBTI-vERSION%20DIGITAL.pdf
Gisladottir, B., Gronfeldt, B., Kristjansson, A., & Sigfusdottir, I. (2018). Psychological well-being of sexual minority young adults in Iceland: differences by sexual attraction and gender. Sex Roles, 78, 822-832. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-017-0847-7
Hart, T., Noor, S., Tulloch, T., Sivagnanasunderam, B., Vernon, J., Pantalone, D., Myers, T., & Calzavara, L. (2019). The Gender Nonconformity Teasing Scale for gay and bisexual men. Psychology of Men & Masculinities, 20(3), 445-457. https://doi.org/10.1037/men0000179
Hatzenbuehler, M. L., & Pachankis, J. E. (2016). Stigma and Minority Stress as Social Determinants of Health Among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Youth: Research Evidence and Clinical Implications. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 63(6), 985-997. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2016.07.003
Hernández-Pérez, C. A. (2016). El bullying por orientación sexual: una consecuencia de discriminación sistemática por orientación sexual en Colombia. Caso de Sergio Andrés Urrego [Tesis de grado, Universidad Católica de Colombia]. http://hdl.handle.net/10983/13668
Horwitz, A., Berona, J., Busby D., Eisenberg, D., Zheng, K., Pistorello, J., Albucher, R., Coryell, W., Favorite, T., Walloch, J., & King, C. (2020). Variation in suicide risk among subgroups of sexual and gender minority college students. Suicide Life Threating-Behavior, 50(5), 1041-1053. https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12637
Ibarra, A. y Rey, P. (2018). Violencia intragénero entre parejas homosexuales en universitarios de Bucaramanga [Tesis de grado, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11912/6299
Kerridge, B., Pickering, R., Saha, T., Ruan, W., Chou, S., Zhang, H., Jung, J., & Hasin, D. (2017). Prevalence, sociodemographic correlates and DSM-5 substance use disorders and other psychiatric disorders among sexual minorities in the United States. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 170, 82-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.10.038
Kyu-Choi, S., Divsalar, S., Flórez-Donado, J., Kittle, K., Lin, A., Meyer, I. H. y Torres-Salazar, P. (2019). Estrés, salud y bienestar de las personas LGBT en Colombia. Resultados de una encuesta nacional. Universidad Simón Bolívar. https://doi.org/10.17081/r.book.2022.09.8296
Mahon, C., Pachankis, J., Kiernan, G., & Gallagher, P. (2021). Risk and protective factors for social anxiety among sexual minority individuals. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 50(3), 1015-1032. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-020-01845-1
Ministerio de Salud. (1993). Resolución 8430 de 1993. Por la cual se establecen las normas científicas, técnicas y administrativas para la investigación en salud. 04 de octubre de 1993. https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/lists/bibliotecadigital/ride/de/dij/resolucion-8430-de-1993.pdf
Otzen, T. y Manterola, C. (2017). Técnicas de muestreo sobre una población a estudio. Int. J. Morphol., 35(1), 227-232. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0717-95022017000100037
Pagán-Torres, O., Sánchez-Galarza, A., Tollinchi-Natali, N. y González-Rivera, J. (2017). Evaluando la relación entre la religiosidad y la salud mental en Puerto Rico: Una revisión sistemática. Ciencias de la Conducta, 32(1), 128-152. https://cienciasdelaconducta.org/index.php/cdc/article/view/6 2
Pineda-Roa, C. y Navarro-Segura, M. (2019). Validación de una prueba para medir eventos vitales estresantes en adultos gay, lesbianas y bisexuales colombianos. Psicogente, 22(41), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.17081/psico.22.41.3305
Praeger, R., Roxburgh, A., Passey, M., & Mooney-Somers, J. (2019). The prevalence and factors associated with smoking among lesbian and bisexual women: analysis of the Australian national drug strategy household survey. International Journal of Drug Policy, 70, 54-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.03.028
Salazar, I., Caballo, V., Arias, B. y Equipo de Investigación CISO-A Colombia. (2016). Validez de constructo y fiabilidad del Cuestionario de Ansiedad Social para Adultos (CASO) en Colombia. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 48(2), 98-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rlp.2015.07.001
Sánchez, A. y Murillo, A. (2021). Enfoques metodológicos en la investigación histórica: cuantitativa, cualitativa y comparativa. Debates por la Historia, 9(2), 147-181. https://doi.org/10.54167/debates-por-la-historia.v9i2.792
Terra, T., Schafer, J., Pan, P., Brandelli-Costa, A., Caye, A., Gadelha, A., Miguel, E., Bressan, R., Rohde, L., & Salum, G. (2022). Mental health conditions in Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer and Asexual youth in Brazil: A call for action. Journal of Affective Disorders, 298(1), 190-193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.108
Tyrer, S., & Heyman, B. (2016). Sampling in epidemiological research: issues, hazards and pitfalls. BJPsych Bulletin, 40(2), 57-60. https://doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.114.050203
Vásquez, J. S. (2017). Ansiedad social experimentada por parejas de la comunidad LGBTI (lesbianas, gay, bisexuales, transexuales e intersexuales) residentes en la ciudad de Medellín [Tesis de grado, Uniminuto]. https://repository.uniminuto.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/2b7533a4-2933-45a7-b5d7-0b0afba56e12/content
Wittgens, C., Fischer, M., Buspavanich, P., Theobald, S., Schweizer, K., & Trautmann, S. (2022). Mental health in people with minority sexual orientations: A meta‐analysis of population‐based studies. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 145(4), 357-372. https://doi.org/10.1111/acps.13405
Zambrano-Guerrero, C., Hernández-Pasichaná, P. y Guerrero-Montero, A. (2019). Proceso de reconocimiento de la orientación sexual homosexual en estudiantes de una universidad pública. Psicogente, 22(41), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.17081/psico.22.41.3310