El rol de las células linfocíticas en la infertilidad y falla gestacional de mujeres con anticuerpos antifosfolípido.
Palabras clave:
Infertilidad, inmunidad, linfocitos, síndrome antifosfolipido.Resumen
La infertilidad es una enfermedad frecuente y multifactorial que se define como la imposibilidad de una pareja para lograr un embarazo clínico tras 12 meses de relaciones sexuales frecuentes y sin protección. La infertilidad de causa no explicada es habitual, postulándose que la presencia de anticuerpos antifosfolípidos positivos podría identificarse dentro de este grupo de pacientes. El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una actualización sobre la evidencia disponible en la literatura acerca del papel de la inmunidad —en especial de los linfocitos— en la génesis de la infertilidad en mujeres con anticuerpos antifosfolípidos positivos. Para ello, se llevó a cabo una revisión de artículos publicados en las bases de datos Medline y Google Scholar, principalmente entre los años 2020 y 2022, cuyo tema central fuera la infertilidad, empleando como términos de búsqueda: "infertilidad", "falla gestacional", "anticuerpos antifosfolípidos" y "linfocitos". En conclusión, se han descrito diversas alteraciones en la respuesta inmunitaria que contribuyen al desarrollo de la pérdida gestacional, por lo que resulta indispensable realizar investigaciones adicionales enfocadas en este mecanismo para optimizar el abordaje diagnóstico y las terapias de reproducción asistida.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Laura Isabel Jaramillo-Jaramillo, Sebastián Cerón-Luna, Yulis Fernanda Lobo-Salas, Carolina Durango-Sánchez, Lina María Mart´´ínez-Sánchez
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