Alteraciones en la microbiota gastrointestinal después de la cirugía bariátrica
Palabras clave:
Microbiota intestinal, disbiosis, metabolismo, antibióticos, cirugía bariátrica.Resumen
La cirugía bariátrica puede generar importantes cambios en la microbiota intestinal, donde puede llegar a mejorar su funcionalidad y ampliar su diversidad, lo cual impacta positivamente en el metabolismo y facilita el alcanzar las metas terapéuticas del procedimiento. Sin embargo, estos cambios también pueden conllevar riesgos como infecciones, alteración en la absorción de nutrientes, anemia o implicaciones inmunológicas. El uso adecuado de profilaxis antimicrobiana es clave para prevenir infecciones posquirúrgicas, y se ha demostrado que el uso de probióticos puede llegar a ser un complemento útil para mejorar la salud intestinal, la respuesta inflamatoria y los resultados metabólicos a largo plazo. El conocimiento del rol de la microbiota dentro de la cirugía bariátrica se vuelve indispensable, ya que esta se postula como un actor esencial dentro de los resultados posquirúrgicos de los pacientes.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Isabella Gómez-Arismendy, Mariana Lopera-Osorno
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