Empatía y Teoría de la Mente: comparación entre deportistas y no deportistas
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Objetivo. Comparar la dimensión de cognición social de la Teoría de la Mente (ToM, por sus siglas en inglés) y la empatía entre
deportistas y no deportistas. Método. Se ejecutó un diseño transversal con muestreo intencional, en el que 46 deportistas (Medad
= 18.2, DE = 4.5) y 48 no deportistas (Medad= 20.2, DE = 3.5) completaron la Tarea de Empatía por el Dolor y el Test de las
Miradas. Resultados.No se hallaron diferencias en la ToM, t(92) = 1.21, p = 0.228, d = 0.25. El Anova factorial mixto 3x2 indicó
que el comportamiento de empatía es homogéneo por las condiciones (neutral, accidental e intencional) y grupos (deportistas vs no
deportistas), F(2, 92) = 0.127, p = 0.881, ηp2 = 0.001. Sin embargo, la comparación de medias mostró diferencias favorables para
deportistas en la condición de estímulos neutrales (p < 0.05). Conclusión. No hay variabilidad de la ToM, ni en las condiciones de
accidentalidad e intencionalidad en el aspecto empático; mientras que en estímulos neutrales, el promedio diere favorablemente
para los deportistas.
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