Empatia e Teoria da Mente: comparação entre atletas e não atletas
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Resumo
Escopo. Comparar a dimensão de cognição social da Teoria da Mente (ToM, por suas siglas em inglês) e a empatia entre atletas e não atletas. Metodologia. Foi executado um desenho transversal com amostragem intencional, no que 46 atletas (Midade= 18.2, DE = 4.5) e 48 não atletas (Midade = 20.2, DE = 3.5) completaram a Tarefa de Empatia pela dor e o Test das Miradas. Resultados. Não foram encontradas diferenças na ToM, t(92) = 1.21, p = 0.228, d = 0.25. O Anova fatorial misto 3x2 indicou que o comportamento de empatia é homogéneo pelas condições (neutral, acidental e intencional) e grupos (atletas vs não atletas) F(2, 92) = 0.127, p = 0.881, ηp2 = 0.001. Mesmo assim, a comparação de médias mostrou diferenças favoráveis para atleta na condição de estímulos neutrais (p < 0.05). Conclusão. Não tem variabilidade da ToM, nem nas condições de acidentalidade e intencionalidade no aspeto empático; enquanto que nos estímulos neutrais, a média difere favoravelmente para os atletas.
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